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Equivalent annual cost. In finance, the equivalent annual cost ( EAC) is the cost per year of owning and operating an asset over its entire lifespan. It is calculated by dividing the negative NPV of a project by the "present value of annuity factor": , where. where r is the annual interest rate and. t is the number of years.
Fair value accounting (also called replacement cost accounting or current cost accounting) was widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries, but historical cost accounting became more widespread after values overstated during the 1920s were reversed during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Actual cash value. In the property and casualty insurance industry, actual cash value ( ACV) is a method of valuing insured property, or the value computed by that method. Actual cash value (ACV) is not equal to replacement cost value (RCV). Actual cash value is computed by subtracting depreciation from replacement cost. [ 1]
An asset depreciation at 15% per year over 20 years. In accountancy, depreciation is a term that refers to two aspects of the same concept: first, an actual reduction in the fair value of an asset, such as the decrease in value of factory equipment each year as it is used and wears, and second, the allocation in accounting statements of the original cost of the assets to periods in which the ...
The discounted cash flow ( DCF) analysis, in financial analysis, is a method used to value a security, project, company, or asset, that incorporates the time value of money. Discounted cash flow analysis is widely used in investment finance, real estate development, corporate financial management, and patent valuation.
In accounting, lower of cost or market ( LCM or LOCOM) is a conservative approach to valuing and reporting inventory. Normally, ending inventory is stated at historical cost. However, there are times when the original cost of the ending inventory is greater than the net realizable value, and thus the inventory has lost value.
Deprival value. Deprival value is a concept used in accounting theory to determine the appropriate measurement basis for assets. It is an alternative to historical cost and fair value or mark to market accounting. Some writers prefer terms such as 'value to the owner' or 'value to the firm'. Deprival value is also sometimes advocated for ...
Replacement value. The term replacement cost or replacement value refers to the amount that an entity would have to pay to replace an asset at the present time, according to its current worth. [ 1] In the insurance industry, "replacement cost" or " replacement cost value " is one of several methods of determining the value of an insured item.