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Selenium deficiency occurs when an organism lacks the required levels of selenium, a critical nutrient in many species.Deficiency, although relatively rare in healthy well-nourished individuals, [1] can have significant negative results, [2] affecting the health of the heart and the nervous system; contributing to depression, anxiety, and dementia; and interfering with reproduction and gestation.
B vitamins are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. [ 1][ 2] They are a chemically diverse class of compounds. [ 1] Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name ...
Choline. Vitamin A (e.g. retinol (see also - provitamin A carotenoids)) Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) Vitamin D. Ergocalciferol. Cholecalciferol. Vitamin E ( tocopherols and tocotrienols) Vitamin K. Vitamin K 1 (phylloquinone)
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element. Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [ 1][ 2][ 3] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential nutrients; the others are vitamins, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. [ 4] The five major minerals in the human body are calcium, phosphorus ...
The tables below include tabular lists for selected basic foods, compiled from United States Dept. of Agriculture ( USDA) sources. Included for each food is its weight in grams, its calories, and (also in grams,) the amount of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, fat, and saturated fat. [ 1] As foods vary by brands and stores, the figures ...
Selenium in biology. Selenocysteine is the main organic molecule involving selenium in humans. Selenium is an essential micronutrient for animals, though it is toxic in large doses. In plants, it sometimes occurs in toxic amounts as forage, e.g. locoweed. Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine.
Food fortification or enrichment is the process of adding micronutrients (essential trace elements and vitamins) to food. It can be carried out by food manufacturers, or by governments as a public health policy which aims to reduce the number of people with dietary deficiencies within a population. The predominant diet within a region can lack ...
Vitamin E is a group of eight fat soluble compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. [ 1][ 2] Vitamin E deficiency, which is rare and usually due to an underlying problem with digesting dietary fat rather than from a diet low in vitamin E, [ 3] can cause nerve problems. [ 4] Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant which may ...