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The 5.56×45mm NATO (official NATO nomenclature 5.56 NATO, commonly pronounced "five-five-six") is a rimless bottlenecked centerfire intermediate cartridge family developed in the late 1970s in Belgium by FN Herstal. [5] It consists of the SS109, L110, and SS111 cartridges.
Bill Wylde of Greenup, Illinois, compared the two cartridges and changed the chamber of the rifle's barrel to a specification he called the .223 Wylde chamber. The chamber is made with the external dimensions and leade angle found in the military 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge and the 0.2240 in (5.69 mm) freebore diameter found in the civilian SAAMI .
Bullets had the manufacturer code over the Quarter number and two-digit year of production engraved on the base (e.g. Pk/2-26 is Zaklady Amunicyjne, Pocisk, 2nd Quarter of 1926). 8mm Lebel "Balle D" bullets were differenced from 7.9mm Mauser bullets by a capital letter "D" inset between the contractor code and the date (e.g. Pk/D/2-26).
The .277 Wolverine (6.8x39mm) is a wildcat cartridge. It is a multi-purpose mid-power cartridge with increased ballistic performance over the AR-15 's traditional .223 Remington ( 5.56×45mm NATO) cartridge. The use of a modified 5.56 case means that at minimum, only a new barrel is needed to convert any 5.56-based firearm to .277 Wolverine.
Headstamp of a .50 caliber cartridge casing made at the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant in 1943 and recovered from the Sahuarita Bombing and Gunnery Range in 2012. Lake City Army Ammunition Plant (LCAAP) is a 3,935-acre (15.92 km 2) U.S. government-owned, contractor-operated facility in northeastern Independence, Missouri.
The table below gives a list of firearms that can fire the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge, first developed and used in the late 1970s for the M16 rifle, which to date, is the most widely produced weapon in this caliber.
The original pressure for the .223 Remington was 52,000 psi with DuPont IMR Powder. A higher pressure of 55,000 psi (379 MPa) resulted from the change from IMR to Olin Ball powder. [8] The official name for .223 Remington in the US Army is cartridge 5.56 x 45mm ball, M193. If a 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge is loaded into a chamber intended to use ...
Bullet diameter: 5.70 mm (0.224 in) Land diameter: 5.56 mm (0.219 in) Neck diameter: ... Vihtavuori Metric Reloading Guide for Centerfire Cartridges, 2002, page 14;
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