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  2. Medicine in the medieval Islamic world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine_in_the_medieval...

    Overview. Medicine was a central part of medieval Islamic culture. This period was called the Golden Age of Islam and lasted from the eighth century to the fourteenth century. [ 6] The economic and social standing of the patient determined to a large extent the type of care sought and the expectations of the patients varied along with the ...

  3. Istinja - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istinja

    Istinja[ 1] is the Islamic term for the action of using water to clean oneself after urinating and/or defecating . Istinja is obligatory. This means removing whatever has been passed from the genitals or the rectum with water. Toilet paper and other clean implements like stones can be used in addition to water to aid in purifying the area.

  4. List of critics of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_critics_of_Islam

    John of Damascus, a Syrian monk and presbyter.; Persian scholar Ibn al-Rawandi (827–911 CE) started out as a Mu'tazilite Muslim, but later he repudiated Islam and revealed religion in general, [5] rejecting the authority of any scriptural or revealed religion, pointing out specific Muslim traditions and trying to show that they are laughable.

  5. Dhimmi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhimmi

    Dhimmī ( Arabic: ذمي ḏimmī, IPA: [ˈðimmiː], collectively أهل الذمة ʾahl aḏ-ḏimmah/dhimmah "the people of the covenant") or muʿāhid ( معاهد) is a historical [ 1] term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection. [ 1][ 2]: 470 The word literally means "protected person", [ 3] referring to the ...

  6. Islamic view of miracles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_view_of_miracles

    Islamic view of miracles. A number of terms are used in Islam to refer to the claims of events happening that are not explicable by natural or scientific laws, subjects where people sometimes invoke the supernatural. [ 1] In the Quran the term āyah ( / ˈɑːjə /; Arabic: آية; plural: آيات āyāt, literally "sign") refers to signs in ...

  7. Istihadha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istihadha

    The jurists said that the case of a woman's menstrual period (istihadha) does not waive the obligatory prayer on her behalf, because this woman is pure and can read and recite the Quran, and since the ruling on istihadha blood is different from the impurity of menstrual blood, it is sufficient for a woman's menstrual period to purify herself of blood that is in excess of her usual monthly ...

  8. Menstruation in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menstruation_in_Islam

    Menstruation in Islam relates to various purity related restrictions in Islamic jurisprudence. [ 1][ 2] The ḥayḍ ( Arabic: حيض) is the religious state of menstruation in Islam. [ 3][ 4] The Qur'an makes specific mention of menstruation in al-Baqara 2:222: And they ask you about menstruation.

  9. Gender roles in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender_roles_in_Islam

    Gender roles in Islam are based on scriptures, cultural traditions, and jurisprudence . The Quran, the holy book of Islam, indicates that both men and women are spiritually equal. The Quran states: "Those who do good, whether male or female, and have faith will enter Paradise and will never be wronged; even as much as the speck on a date stone."