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t. e. Psephology ( ⫽ sɪˈfɒlədʒi ⫽; from Greek ψῆφος, psephos, 'pebble') is the study of elections and voting. [1] Psephology attempts to both forecast and explain election results . Psephology uses historical precinct voting data, public opinion polls, campaign finance information and similar statistical data.
e. Political psychology is an interdisciplinary academic field, dedicated to understanding politics, politicians and political behavior from a psychological perspective, and psychological processes using socio-political perspectives. [1] The relationship between politics and psychology is considered bidirectional, with psychology being used as ...
Politics. A parliamentary system, or parliamentary democracy, is a system of democratic government where the head of government (who may also be the head of state) derives their democratic legitimacy from their ability to command the support ("confidence") of the legislature, typically a parliament, to which they are accountable.
In political science, a many-party system is a political system where more than two meaningfully-distinct political parties regularly run for office and win elections. [1] Many-party systems tend to be more common in countries using proportional representation compared to those using winner-take-all elections, a result known as Duverger's law .
In the 2005 UK election, for example, the Labour Party under Tony Blair won a comfortable parliamentary majority with the votes of only 21.6 percent of the total electorate.: 3 Such misrepresentation has been criticized as "no longer a question of 'fairness' but of elementary rights of citizens".: 22
France elects on its national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. The president is elected for a five-year term (previously, seven years), directly by the citizens. The Parliament ( Parlement) has two chambers . The National Assembly ( Assemblée Nationale) has 577 members, elected for a five-year term in single seat ...
Electoral reform is a continuing process in the United States, motivated by concerns of both electoral fraud and disfranchisement. There are ongoing extensive debates of the fairness and effects of the Electoral College, existing voting systems, and campaign financing laws, as well as the proposals for reform.
Canada's electoral system, sometimes referred to as a "first-past-the-post" system, is formally referred to as a single-member plurality system. The candidate with the most votes in a riding wins a seat in the House of Commons and represents that riding as its member of Parliament (MP). The governor general asks the leader of the party whose ...