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The ozone– oxygen cycle is the process by which ozone is continually regenerated in Earth 's stratosphere, converting ultraviolet radiation (UV) into heat. In 1930 Sydney Chapman resolved the chemistry involved. The process is commonly called the Chapman cycle by atmospheric scientists. Most of the ozone production occurs in the tropical ...
Ozone ( / ˈoʊzoʊn /) (or trioxygen) is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula O. 3. It is a pale blue gas with a distinctively pungent smell. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope O. 2, breaking down in the lower atmosphere to O.
Advanced oxidation process. Advanced oxidation processes ( AOPs ), in a broad sense, are a set of chemical treatment procedures designed to remove organic (and sometimes inorganic) materials in water and wastewater by oxidation through reactions with hydroxyl radicals (·OH). [1] In real-world applications of wastewater treatment, however, this ...
Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The goal is to produce water that is fit for specific purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption ( drinking water ), but water purification may also be carried out for a variety of ...
Ozonolysis. In organic chemistry, ozonolysis is an organic reaction where the unsaturated bonds are cleaved with ozone ( O3 ). Multiple carbon–carbon bond are replaced by carbonyl ( C=O) groups, such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. The reaction is predominantly applied to alkenes, but alkynes and azo compounds are also ...
In situ chemical oxidation. In situ chemical oxidation ( ISCO ), a form of advanced oxidation process, is an environmental remediation technique used for soil and/or groundwater remediation to lower the concentrations of targeted environmental contaminants to acceptable levels. ISCO is accomplished by introducing strong chemical oxidizers into ...
Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s: a steady lowering of about four percent in the total amount of ozone in Earth's atmosphere, and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone (the ozone layer) around Earth's polar regions. [1] The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole.
Ground-level ozone ( O3 ), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere ), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas. [1] [2] Ozone is also an important constituent of the ...
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