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Water intoxication. Primary polydipsia and psychogenic polydipsia are forms of polydipsia [1] characterised by excessive fluid intake in the absence of physiological stimuli to drink. [2] Psychogenic polydipsia caused by psychiatric disorders—oftentimes schizophrenia —is frequently accompanied by the sensation of dry mouth.
Polydipsia is excessive thirst or excess drinking. [1] The word derives from the Greek πολυδίψιος ( poludípsios) "very thirsty", [2] which is derived from πολύς ( polús, "much, many") + δίψα ( dípsa, "thirst"). Polydipsia is a nonspecific symptom in various medical disorders. It also occurs as an abnormal behaviour in some ...
Diabetes insipidus ( DI ), alternately called arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D) or arginine vasopressin resistance (AVP-R), [5] is a condition characterized by large amounts of dilute urine and increased thirst. [1] The amount of urine produced can be nearly 20 liters per day. [1] Reduction of fluid has little effect on the concentration ...
Water follows the glucose concentration passively, leading to abnormally high urine output. In the absence of diabetes mellitus, the most common causes are the decreased secretion of aldosterone due to adrenal cortical tumor, primary polydipsia (excessive fluid drinking ), central diabetes insipidus , and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus . [6]
A fluid or water deprivation test is a medical test [1] which can be used to determine whether the patient has diabetes insipidus as opposed to other causes of polydipsia (a condition of excessive thirst that causes an excessive intake of water). The patient is required, for a prolonged period, to forgo intake of water completely, to determine ...
Mineralcorticoid excess due to a disease state such as Conn's syndrome usually does not lead to hypernatremia unless free water intake is restricted. Salt poisoning is the most common cause in children. It has also been seen in a number of adults with mental health problems. Too much salt can also occur from drinking seawater or soy sauce.
Elevated nitrogen levels in water can lead to eutrophication or excessive nutrient richness, which contributes to high plant life growth and decreased animal life, due to a lack of oxygen. Excess ...
Excessive ADH causes an inappropriate increase in the reabsorption in the kidneys of solute-free water ("free water"): excess water moves from the distal convoluted tubules (DCTs) and collecting tubules of the nephrons - via activation of aquaporins, the site of the ADH receptors - back into the circulation. This has two consequences.
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