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Implicit cost. In economics, an implicit cost, also called an imputed cost, implied cost, or notional cost, is the opportunity cost equal to what a firm must give up in order to use a factor of production for which it already owns and thus does not pay rent. It is the opposite of an explicit cost, which is borne directly. [1]
Governmental responses to the COVID-19 epidemic have resulted in considerable economic and social consequences, both implicit and apparent. Explicit costs are the expenses that the government incurred directly as a result of the pandemic which included $4.5 billion dollars on medical bills, vaccine distribution of over $17 billion dollars, and ...
Capitalism. In economics, profit is the difference between revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and total costs of its inputs, also known as surplus value. [ 1] It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs. [ 2]
Explicit cost. An explicit cost is a direct payment made to others in the course of running a business, such as wage, rent and materials, [ 1] as opposed to implicit costs, where no actual payment is made. [ 2] It is possible still to underestimate these costs, however: for example, pension contributions and other "perks" must be taken into ...
Economic cost. Economic cost is the combination of losses of any goods that have a value attached to them by any one individual. [ 1][ 2] Economic cost is used mainly by economists as means to compare the prudence of one course of action with that of another. The comparison includes the gains and losses precluded by taking a course of action as ...
Explicit and implicit methods. Explicit and implicit methods are approaches used in numerical analysis for obtaining numerical approximations to the solutions of time-dependent ordinary and partial differential equations, as is required in computer simulations of physical processes. Explicit methods calculate the state of a system at a later ...
In economics, implicit contracts refer to voluntary and self-enforcing long term agreements made between two parties regarding the future exchange of goods or services. Implicit contracts theory was first developed to explain why there are quantity adjustments ( layoffs) instead of price adjustments (falling wages) in the labor market during ...
downs@cmu.edu. (412) 268-1862 George Loewenstein Carnegie Mellon University 208 Porter Hall Pittsburgh, PA 15213 gL20@andrew.cmu.edu 412.268.8787. We thank the USDA Economic Research Service and the Center for Behavioral Decision. Research at Carnegie Mellon University for financial support, and Howard Seltman, Jay.