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heart failure, splenomegaly. Hemolytic disease of the newborn, also known as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, HDN, HDFN, or erythroblastosis fetalis, [ 1][ 2] is an alloimmune condition that develops in a fetus at or around birth, when the IgG molecules (one of the five main types of antibodies) produced by the mother pass through ...
Anemia in pregnancy. Anemia is a condition in which blood has a lower-than-normal amount of red blood cells or hemoglobin. [ 1] Anemia in pregnancy is a decrease in the total red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood during pregnancy. Anemia is an extremely common condition in pregnancy world-wide, conferring a number of health risks to ...
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN) is a condition where the passage of maternal antibodies results in the hemolysis of fetal/neonatal red cells. The antibodies can be naturally occurring such as anti-A, and anti-B, or immune antibodies developed following a sensitizing event. [ 11] Isoimmunization occurs when the maternal immune ...
Hematology. Hemolytic disease of the newborn ( anti-Rhc) can range from a mild to a severe disease. It is the third most common cause of severe HDN. Rh disease is the most common and hemolytic disease of the newborn (anti-Kell) is the second most common cause of severe HDN. It occurs more commonly in women who are Rh D negative. [citation needed]
In ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as ABO HDN) maternal IgG antibodies with specificity for the ABO blood group system pass through the placenta to the fetal circulation where they can cause hemolysis of fetal red blood cells which can lead to fetal anemia and HDN. In contrast to Rh disease, about half of the cases of ABO HDN ...
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ( AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder which occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst ( lyse ), leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in circulation ( anemia ). The lifetime of the RBCs is reduced from the normal 100–120 days to ...
Severe complications of pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium are present in 1.6% of mothers in the US, [6] and in 1.5% of mothers in Canada. [7] In the immediate postpartum period (puerperium), 87% to 94% of women report at least one health problem. [8] [9] Long-term health problems (persisting after six months postpartum) are reported by ...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common type of diabetes. Treatments include agents that (1) increase the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, (2) increase the sensitivity of target organs to insulin, (3) decrease the rate at which glucose is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and (4) increase the loss of glucose through ...