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Prospect theory. Daniel Kahneman, who won the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work developing prospect theory. Prospect theory is a theory of behavioral economics, judgment and decision making that was developed by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in 1979. [ 1] The theory was cited in the decision to award Kahneman the 2002 Nobel ...
Capitalism. In economics, profit is the difference between revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and total costs of its inputs, also known as surplus value. [ 1] It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs. [ 2]
Gross domestic product ( GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value [ 2] of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country [ 3] or countries. [ 4][ 5][ 6] GDP is often used to measure the economic health of a country or region. [ 3] Definitions of GDP are maintained by several national and ...
The quantity theory of money (often abbreviated QTM) is a hypothesis within monetary economics which states that the general price level of goods and services is directly proportional to the amount of money in circulation (i.e., the money supply ), and that the causality runs from money to prices. This implies that the theory potentially ...
A final good or consumer good is a final product ready for sale that is used by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs, unlike an intermediate good, which is used to produce other goods. A microwave oven or a bicycle is a final good. When used in measures of national income and output, the term "final goods" includes only new goods.
e. In economics, aggregate demand ( AD) or domestic final demand ( DFD) is the total demand for final goods and services in an economy at a given time. [ 1] It is often called effective demand, though at other times this term is distinguished. This is the demand for the gross domestic product of a country. It specifies the amount of goods and ...
Intermediate goods, producer goods or semi-finished products are goods, such as partly finished goods, used as inputs in the production of other goods including final goods. [ 1] A firm may make and then use intermediate goods, or make and then sell, or buy then use them. In the production process, intermediate goods either become part of the ...
Economics. In economics, economic equilibrium is a situation in which economic forces such as supply and demand are balanced and in the absence of external influences the ( equilibrium) values of economic variables will not change. For example, in the standard text perfect competition, equilibrium occurs at the point at which quantity demanded ...