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Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire ). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as ariya (Iranian). [1] [2] Old Persian is close to both Avestan and the language of the Rig Veda, the ...
Persian is a member of the Western Iranian group of the Iranian languages, which make up a branch of the Indo-European languages in their Indo-Iranian subdivision. The Western Iranian languages themselves are divided into two subgroups: Southwestern Iranian languages, of which Persian is the most widely spoken, and Northwestern Iranian ...
Iranian Persian (Persian: فارسی ایرانی, romanized: Pârsi-ye Irâni), Western Persian or Western Farsi, natively simply known as Persian (Persian: فارسی, romanized: Pârsi), refers to the varieties of the Persian language spoken in Iran and by others in neighboring countries, as well as by Iranian communities throughout the world.
The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly-attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta ).
Romanization or Latinization of Persian (Persian: لاتیننِویسی فارسی, romanized: Lâtin-Nēvisiyē Fârsi, pronounced [lɒːtiːn.neviːˌsije fɒːɾˈsiː]) is the representation of the Persian language ( Iranian Persian, Dari and Tajik) with the Latin script. Several different romanization schemes exist, each with its own ...
Persian grammar ( Persian: دستور زبان فارسی, Dastur-e Zabân-e Fârsi lit. Grammar of the Persian language) is the grammar of the Persian language, whose dialectal variants are spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Caucasus, Uzbekistan (in Samarqand, Bukhara and the Surxondaryo Region) and Tajikistan. It is similar to that of many other ...
The current language policy of Iran is addressed in Chapter Two of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Articles 15 & 16). It asserts that the Persian language is the lingua franca of the Iranian nation and as such, required for the school system and for all official government communications. In addition, the constitution ...
Standard Persian ( Persian: فارسی معیار) is the standard variety of Persian that is the official language of the Iran [5] and Tajikistan [6] and one of the two official languages of Afghanistan. [7] It is a set of spoken and written formal varieties used by the educated persophones of several nations around the world.