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History. Computer networking may be considered a branch of computer science, computer engineering, and telecommunications, since it relies on the theoretical and practical application of the related disciplines. Computer networking was influenced by a wide array of technological developments and historical milestones.
Ethernet ( / ˈiːθərnɛt / EE-thər-net) is a family of wired computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN). [ 1] It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3. Ethernet has since been refined to support higher ...
Local area network. A local area network ( LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building. [ 1] By contrast, a wide area network (WAN) not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involves leased telecommunication ...
Networking cable is a piece of networking hardware used to connect one network device to other network devices or to connect two or more computers to share devices such as printers or scanners. Different types of network cables, such as coaxial cable , optical fiber cable , and twisted pair cables, are used depending on the network's topology ...
In computer networking, a port or port number is a number assigned to uniquely identify a connection endpoint and to direct data to a specific service. At the software level, within an operating system, a port is a logical construct that identifies a specific process or a type of network service. A port at the software level is identified for ...
Router (computing) A router[ a] is a computer and networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks, including internetworks such as the global Internet. [ 2][ 3][ 4] A router is connected to two or more data lines from different IP networks. When a data packet comes in on a line, the router reads the network address ...
The textbook definition of a WAN is a computer network spanning regions, countries, or even the world. [3] [4] However, in terms of the application of communication protocols and concepts, it may be best to view WANs as computer networking technologies used to transmit data over long distances, and between different networks.
Node (networking) In telecommunications networks, a node ( Latin: nodus, ‘knot’) is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint. A physical network node is an electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting information over a communication channel. [ 1] In data ...