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e. Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. [ 11] High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms itself. [ 1] It is, however, a major risk factor for stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral ...
Cardiology. Hypertensive heart disease includes a number of complications of high blood pressure that affect the heart. While there are several definitions of hypertensive heart disease in the medical literature, [ 1][ 2][ 3] the term is most widely used in the context of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding categories.
Coronary artery disease ( CAD ), also called coronary heart disease ( CHD ), ischemic heart disease ( IHD ), [ 13] myocardial ischemia, [ 14] or simply heart disease, involves the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to build-up of atherosclerotic plaque in the arteries of the heart. [ 5][ 6][ 15] It is the most common of the ...
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [ 1][ 2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [ 3][ 4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [ 3]
Diagnosis. The term hypertensive emergency is primarily used as a specific term for a hypertensive crisis with a diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 120 mmHg or systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 180 mmHg. [9] Hypertensive emergency differs from hypertensive urgency in that, in the former, there is evidence of acute ...
Benign hypertension or benign essential hypertension are historical terms that are considered misleading, [1] as hypertension is never benign, and consequently they have fallen out of use (see history of hypertension ). The terminology persisted in the International Classification of Disease (ICD9), but is not included in the current ICD10. [2]
Pulmonary hypertension ( PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. [ 7] Symptoms include shortness of breath, fainting, tiredness, chest pain, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. [ 7][ 2] The condition may make it difficult to exercise. [ 7]
Hypertensive crisis. Severely elevated blood pressure (equal to or greater than 180 mmHg systolic or 120 mmHg diastolic) is referred to as a hypertensive crisis (sometimes termed malignant or accelerated hypertension), due to the high risk of complications. People with blood pressures in this range may have no symptoms, but are more likely to ...