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The Indian constitution is the world's longest for a sovereign nation. [4] [5] [6] At its enactment, it had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules. [a] [16] At about 145,000 words, it is the second-longest active constitution—after the Constitution of Alabama —in the world.
The Constitution spells out governmental powers with so much detail that many matters addressed by statute in other democracies must be addressed via constitutional amendment in India. As a result, the Constitution is amended roughly twice a year. The main purpose of the amendments is to become more relevant.
23 June. British East India Company defeats the Nawab of Bengal in the Battle of Plassey, marking the End of Islamic period of 565 Years over India (1192–1757) & beginning of British conquests in India. 11 August. Maratha Confederacy defeats Rohilla Afghans in the Battle of Delhi (1757), captures Delhi.
When the Constitution of India came into force it basically gave seven fundamental rights to its citizens. However, Right to Property was removed as a Fundamental Right through 44th Constitutional Amendment in 1978. In 2009, Right to Education Act was added. Every child between the age of 6 to 14 years is entitled to free education.
v. t. e. Top left: Rajendra Prasad was the first and longest-serving President of India. Top right: Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam was the first scientist to become President of India. Bottom left: Pratibha Patil was the first female President of India. Bottom right: Droupadi Murmu is the current President and the first President from the tribal community.
The Constitution of India's preamble, as amended upto July 2024, reads as follows: WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute. India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
The amendment extended the term of Lok Sabha and Legislative Assemblies members from five to six years, by amending article 172 (relating to MLAs) and Clause(2) of Article 83 (for MPs). The 44th Amendment repealed this change, shortening the term of the aforementioned assemblies back to the original 5 years.
The Ninety-fifth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Ninety-fifth Amendment) Act, 2009, extended the period of reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and representation of the Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies for another ten years, i.e. up to 26 January 2020.