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  2. Line-of-sight propagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line-of-sight_propagation

    Line-of-sight propagation is a characteristic of electromagnetic radiation or acoustic wave propagation which means waves can only travel in a direct visual path from the source to the receiver without obstacles. [ 1] Electromagnetic transmission includes light emissions traveling in a straight line. The rays or waves may be diffracted ...

  3. Radio propagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_propagation

    Radio propagation is the behavior of radio waves as they travel, or are propagated, from one point to another in vacuum, or into various parts of the atmosphere. [1] : 26‑1 As a form of electromagnetic radiation, like light waves, radio waves are affected by the phenomena of reflection, refraction, diffraction, absorption, polarization, and ...

  4. Electromagnetic spectrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum

    The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high frequency these are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and ...

  5. Electromagnetic radiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation

    Classically, electromagnetic radiation consists of electromagnetic waves, which are synchronized oscillations of electric and magnetic fields. In a vacuum, electromagnetic waves travel at the speed of light, commonly denoted c. There, depending on the frequency of oscillation, different wavelengths of electromagnetic spectrum are produced.

  6. Dispersion relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_relation

    In the physical sciences and electrical engineering, dispersion relations describe the effect of dispersion on the properties of waves in a medium. A dispersion relation relates the wavelength or wavenumber of a wave to its frequency. Given the dispersion relation, one can calculate the frequency-dependent phase velocity and group velocity of ...

  7. Wave interference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference

    Out of phase: (here by 180 degrees), the two lower waves combine (right panel), resulting in a wave of zero amplitude (destructive interference). In physics, interference is a phenomenon in which two coherent waves are combined by adding their intensities or displacements with due consideration for their phase difference.

  8. Waveguide (radio frequency) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide_(radio_frequency)

    In radio-frequency engineering and communications engineering, a waveguide is a hollow metal pipe used to carry radio waves. [1] This type of waveguide is used as a transmission line mostly at microwave frequencies, for such purposes as connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas, in equipment such as microwave ovens, radar sets, satellite communications, and microwave ...

  9. List of optical illusions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_optical_illusions

    Any kind of grid that deceives a person's vision. The two most common types of grid illusions are the Hermann grid illusion (1870) and the scintillating grid illusion (1994). The first is characterized by "ghostlike" grey blobs perceived at the intersections of a white (or light-colored) grid on a black background.