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The word "surfactant" is a blend of surface-active agent, [ 1] coined c. 1950. [ 2] As they consist of a water-repellent and a water-attracting part, they enable water and oil to mix; they can form foam and facilitate the detachment of dirt. Surfactants are among the most widespread and commercially important chemicals.
Medical. Polysorbate 80 is a surfactant and solubilizer used in a variety of oral and topical pharmaceutical products. Polysorbate 80 is also an excipient that is used to stabilize aqueous formulations of medications for parenteral administration, and used as an emulsifier in the making of the antiarrhythmic amiodarone. [ 9]
In the United States, in order for a vanilla extract to be called pure, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requires that the solution contain a minimum of 35% alcohol and 100g of vanilla beans per litre (13.35 ounces per gallon). [5]
Typically, embalming fluid contains a mixture of formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, methanol, and other solvents. The formaldehyde content generally ranges from 5–37% and the methanol content may range from 9–56%. In the United States alone, about 20 million liters (roughly 5.3 million gallons) of embalming fluid are used every year. [1]
Pulmonary surfactant. Alveoli are the spherical outcroppings of the respiratory bronchioles. Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. [ 1] The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions.
Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, [1] is a type of cationic surfactant. It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound. ADBACs have three main categories of use: as a biocide, a cationic surfactant, and a phase transfer agent ...
42 US fl oz-1 ⁄ 3 US gallon. Mostly replaced by the 40 US fl oz bottle by the late 1980s. medium pitcher (US) 1.41 L: 48 US fl oz: 3 US pints. The 48 oz pitcher is used with either medium 12 oz beer glasses (4 glasses per pitcher) or large 16 oz beer glasses (3 glasses per pitcher). Yard of Ale (UK) 1.42 L: 48.03 US fl oz: 50 imp. oz: 2 + 1 ...
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