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Two sets, or tiers, of emission standards for light-duty vehicles in the United States were defined as a result of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. The Tier I standard was adopted in 1991 and was phased in from 1994 to 1997. Tier II standards were phased in from 2004 to 2009. Within the Tier II ranking, there is a subranking ranging from ...
However, if the product mix is as NHTSA predicts, car fuel economy would increase from a current standard of 27.5 mpg ‑US (8.6 L/100 km; 33.0 mpg ‑imp) to 31.0 mpg ‑US (7.6 L/100 km; 37.2 mpg ‑imp) in 2011. The new regulations are designed to be "optimized" with respect to a certain set of assumptions which include: gas prices in 2016 ...
The Social Credit System ( Chinese: 社会信用体系; pinyin: shèhuì xìnyòng tǐxì) is a national credit rating and blacklist being developed by the government of China. [1] The social credit initiative calls for the establishment of a record system so that businesses, individuals and government institutions can be tracked and evaluated ...
The ratings agencies were heavily involved in the markets that enabled the subprime credit bubble of 2000-2008 and the subsequent financial crisis.In 1984 the federal government of the United States passed the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act (SMMEA) to improve the marketability of private-label (non-agency) mortgage-backed securities, which declared NRSRO AA-rated mortgage-backed ...
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 ( IRA) is a landmark [ 1][ 2] United States federal law which aims to reduce the federal government budget deficit, lower prescription drug prices, and invest in domestic energy production while promoting clean energy. It was passed by the 117th United States Congress and signed into law by President Joe ...
Proposed. Regulation of ESG rating in the European Union are proposed European Union regulations of environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) rating activities' transparency and integrity to improve clarity in the EU's ESG rating processes. The regulations were first designed after 2020 and an amended draft was published in 2023.
The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 ( FACT Act or FACTA, Pub. L. 108–159 (text) (PDF)) is a U.S. federal law, passed by the United States Congress on November 22, 2003, [1] and signed by President George W. Bush on December 4, 2003, [2] as an amendment to the Fair Credit Reporting Act. The act allows consumers to request and ...
Kirtz, No. 22-846, 601 U.S. ___ (2024) The Fair Credit Reporting Act ( FCRA ), 15 U.S.C. § 1681 et seq., is federal legislation enacted to promote the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of consumer information contained in the files of consumer reporting agencies. It was intended to shield consumers from the willful and/or negligent inclusion of ...