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Rheum from a cat's eyes. Rheum ( / ruːm /; from Greek: ῥεῦμα rheuma 'a flowing, rheum') is a thin mucus naturally discharged from the eyes, nose, or mouth, often during sleep (contrast with mucopurulent discharge ). [ 1][ 2][ 3] Rheum dries and gathers as a crust in the corners of the eyes or the mouth, on the eyelids, or under the nose ...
Psychiatry. Rhythmic movement disorder ( RMD) is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive movements of large muscle groups immediately before and during sleep often involving the head and neck. It was independently described first in 1905 by Zappert as jactatio capitis nocturna and by Cruchet as rhythmie du sommeil. [ 1]
Rapid eye movement behavior disorder occurs when there is a loss of normal voluntary muscle atonia during REM sleep resulting in motor behavior in response to dream content. It can be caused by adverse reactions to certain drugs or during drug withdrawal; however, it is most often associated with the elderly and in those with neurodegenerative ...
Sleep paralysis is a state, during waking up or falling asleep, in which a person is conscious but in a complete state of full-body paralysis. [ 1][ 2] During an episode, the person may hallucinate (hear, feel, or see things that are not there), which often results in fear. [ 1][ 3] Episodes generally last no more than a few minutes. [ 2]
In animals, including humans, the startle response is a largely unconscious defensive response to sudden or threatening stimuli, such as sudden noise or sharp movement, and is associated with negative affect. [ 1] Usually the onset of the startle response is a startle reflex reaction. The startle reflex is a brainstem reflectory reaction ...
Sleep deprivation, also known as sleep insufficiency [2] or sleeplessness, is the condition of not having adequate duration and/or quality of sleep to support decent alertness, performance, and health. It can be either chronic or acute and may vary widely in severity. All known animals sleep or exhibit some form of sleep behavior, and the ...
Autism, also called autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), [11] is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of deficient reciprocal social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive, and inflexible patterns of behavior that are impairing in multiple contexts and excessive or atypical to be developmentally and socioculturally ...
Rapid eye movement sleep ( REM sleep or REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals (including humans) and birds, characterized by random rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied by low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly. The REM phase is also known as paradoxical sleep ( PS) and sometimes ...