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The Parkland formula is mathematically expressed as: [ 4] where mass (m) is in kilograms (kg), area (A) as a percentage of total body surface area, and volume (V) is in milliliters (mL). For example, a person weighing 75 kg with burns to 20% of his or her body surface area would require 4 x 75 x 20 = 6,000 mL of fluid replacement within 24 ...
Fluid replacement or fluid resuscitation is the medical practice of replenishing bodily fluid lost through sweating, bleeding, fluid shifts or other pathologic processes. Fluids can be replaced with oral rehydration therapy (drinking), intravenous therapy , rectally such as with a Murphy drip , or by hypodermoclysis , the direct injection of ...
Stokes' law. In fluid dynamics, Stokes' law is an empirical law for the frictional force – also called drag force – exerted on spherical objects with very small Reynolds numbers in a viscous fluid. [ 1] It was derived by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851 by solving the Stokes flow limit for small Reynolds numbers of the Navier–Stokes equations.
Hypovolemic shock is a form of shock caused by severe hypovolemia (insufficient blood volume or extracellular fluid in the body). [ 1][ 2] It can be caused by severe dehydration or blood loss. [ 3][ 2] Hypovolemic shock is a medical emergency; if left untreated, the insufficient blood flow can cause damage to organs, leading to multiple organ ...
Hydraulic engineering is the application of the principles of fluid mechanics to problems dealing with the collection, storage, control, transport, regulation, measurement, and use of water. [ 1] Before beginning a hydraulic engineering project, one must figure out how much water is involved. The hydraulic engineer is concerned with the ...
Fluid mechanics, especially fluid dynamics, is an active field of research, typically mathematically complex. Many problems are partly or wholly unsolved and are best addressed by numerical methods, typically using computers. A modern discipline, called computational fluid dynamics (CFD), is devoted to this approach. [ 2]
Cerebral edema is excess accumulation of fluid ( edema) in the intracellular or extracellular spaces of the brain. [ 1] This typically causes impaired nerve function, increased pressure within the skull, and can eventually lead to direct compression of brain tissue and blood vessels. [ 1] Symptoms vary based on the location and extent of edema ...
pconstant is the total pressure at a point on a streamline. p + ρ u 2 / 2 + ρ g y = p c o n s t a n t {\displaystyle p+\rho u^ {2}/2+\rho gy=p_ {\mathrm {constant} }\,\!} Euler equations. ρ = fluid mass density. u is the flow velocity vector. E = total volume energy density. U = internal energy per unit mass of fluid.