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A heterotroph ( / ˈhɛtərəˌtroʊf, - ˌtrɒf /; [ 1][ 2] from Ancient Greek ἕτερος (héteros) 'other' and τροφή (trophḗ) 'nutrition') is an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter. In the food chain, heterotrophs are primary ...
In a 2018 study, carbon was found to compose approximately 550 billion tons of all life on Earth. [ 16][ 17] It is the second most abundant element in the human body by mass (about 18.5%) after oxygen. [ 18] The most important characteristics of carbon as a basis for the chemistry of cellular life are that each carbon atom is capable of forming ...
Bulk carbon-13 for commercial use, e.g. in chemical synthesis, is enriched from its natural 1% abundance. Although carbon-13 can be separated from the major carbon-12 isotope via techniques such as thermal diffusion, chemical exchange, gas diffusion, and laser and cryogenic distillation, currently only cryogenic distillation of methane or carbon monoxide is an economically feasible industrial ...
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. [ 1] Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species ...
Carbon-14, C-14, 14. C or radiocarbon, is a radioactive isotope of carbon with an atomic nucleus containing 6 protons and 8 neutrons. Its presence in organic materials is the basis of the radiocarbon dating method pioneered by Willard Libby and colleagues (1949) to date archaeological, geological and hydrogeological samples.
The carbon cycle is that part of the biogeochemical cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of Earth. Other major biogeochemical cycles include the nitrogen cycle and the water cycle. Carbon is the main component of biological compounds as well as a major component of many ...
Palmitic acid ( hexadecanoic acid in IUPAC nomenclature) is a fatty acid with a 16-carbon chain. It is the most common saturated fatty acid found in animals, plants and microorganisms. [ 9][ 10] Its chemical formula is CH3(CH2)14COOH, and its C:D ratio (the total number of carbon atoms to the number of carbon-carbon double bonds) is 16:0.
Energy flow is the flow of energy through living things within an ecosystem. [ 1] All living organisms can be organized into producers and consumers, and those producers and consumers can further be organized into a food chain. [ 2][ 3] Each of the levels within the food chain is a trophic level. [ 1] In order to more efficiently show the ...