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  2. List of logic symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbols

    propositional logic, Boolean algebra, first-order logic. ⊥ {\displaystyle \bot } denotes a proposition that is always false. The symbol ⊥ may also refer to perpendicular lines. The proposition. ⊥ ∧ P {\displaystyle \bot \wedge P} is always false since at least one of the two is unconditionally false. ∀.

  3. MathML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML

    Note, however, that these token elements may be used as extension points, allowing markup in host languages. MathML in HTML5 allows most inline HTML markup in mtext, and <mtext> non zero </mtext> is conforming, with the HTML markup being used within the MathML to mark up the embedded text (making the first word bold in this example).

  4. Summation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation

    The summation of an explicit sequence is denoted as a succession of additions. For example, summation of [1, 2, 4, 2] is denoted 1 + 2 + 4 + 2, and results in 9, that is, 1 + 2 + 4 + 2 = 9. Because addition is associative and commutative, there is no need for parentheses, and the result is the same irrespective of the order of the summands ...

  5. Integral symbol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integral_symbol

    Fundamental symbol. The integral symbol is U+222B ∫ INTEGRAL in Unicode [5] and \int in LaTeX. In HTML, it is written as &#x222b; ( hexadecimal ), &#8747; ( decimal) and &int; ( named entity ). The original IBM PC code page 437 character set included a couple of characters ⌠ and ⌡ (codes 244 and 245 respectively) to build the integral symbol.

  6. Checksum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum

    Checksum. A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage. By themselves, checksums are often used to verify data integrity but are not relied upon to verify data authenticity. [ 1]

  7. Character encodings in HTML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encodings_in_HTML

    First, the web server can include the character encoding or " charset " in the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Content-Type header, which would typically look like this: [ 1] Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8. This method gives the HTTP server a convenient way to alter document's encoding according to content negotiation; certain HTTP ...

  8. Summation (neurophysiology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation_(neurophysiology)

    Summation (neurophysiology) Basic ways that neurons can interact with each other when converting input to output. Summation, which includes both spatial summation and temporal summation, is the process that determines whether or not an action potential will be generated by the combined effects of excitatory and inhibitory signals, both from ...

  9. Summation by parts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation_by_parts

    Summation by parts. In mathematics, summation by parts transforms the summation of products of sequences into other summations, often simplifying the computation or (especially) estimation of certain types of sums. It is also called Abel's lemma or Abel transformation, named after Niels Henrik Abel who introduced it in 1826.