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  2. Artificial bee colony algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Bee_Colony...

    Artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is an optimization technique that simulates the foraging behavior of honey bees, and has been successfully applied to various practical problems [citation needed]. ABC belongs to the group of swarm intelligence algorithms and was proposed by Karaboga in 2005. A set of honey bees, called swarm, can ...

  3. Swarming (honey bee) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarming_(honey_bee)

    Swarming (honey bee) Swarming is a honey bee colony's natural means of reproduction. In the process of swarming, a single colony splits into two or more distinct colonies. [1] Swarming is mainly a spring phenomenon, usually within a two- or three-week period depending on the locale, but occasional swarms can happen throughout the producing season.

  4. Nectar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nectar

    Nectar plays a crucial role in the foraging economics and evolution of nectar-eating species; for example, nectar foraging behavior is largely responsible for the divergent evolution of the African honey bee, A. m. scutellata and the western honey bee. [citation needed] Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for ...

  5. Western honey bee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_honey_bee

    Apis mellifica mellifica silvarum Goetze, 1964 (Unav.) The western honey bee or European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most common of the 7–12 species of honey bees worldwide. [3][4] The genus name Apis is Latin for 'bee', and mellifera is the Latin for 'honey-bearing' or 'honey-carrying', referring to the species' production of honey. [5]

  6. List of Northern American nectar sources for honey bees

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Northern_American...

    A honey bee collecting nectar from an apricot flower.. The nectar resource in a given area depends on the kinds of flowering plants present and their blooming periods. Which kinds grow in an area depends on soil texture, soil pH, soil drainage, daily maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation, extreme minimum winter temperature, and growing degre

  7. Bee - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bee

    Apiformes (from Latin 'apis') Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea. They are currently considered a clade, called Anthophila. [ 1 ]

  8. Swarm behaviour - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm_behaviour

    A flock of auklets exhibit swarm behaviour. Swarm behaviour, or swarming, is a collective behaviour exhibited by entities, particularly animals, of similar size which aggregate together, perhaps milling about the same spot or perhaps moving en masse or migrating in some direction. It is a highly interdisciplinary topic.

  9. Swarm intelligence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm_intelligence

    Swarm intelligence (SI) is the collective behavior of decentralized, self-organized systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on artificial intelligence. The expression was introduced by Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang in 1989, in the context of cellular robotic systems. [1][2] SI systems consist typically of a population of ...