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fsck in action on a Linux system. The system utility fsck ( file system consistency check) is a tool for checking the consistency of a file system in Unix and Unix-like operating systems, such as Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD. [ 1] The equivalent programs on MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows are CHKDSK, SFC, and SCANDISK .
CHKDSK. In computing, CHKDSK (short for "check disk") is a system tool and command in DOS, Digital Research FlexOS, [ 1] IBM / Toshiba 4690 OS, [ 2] IBM OS/2, [ 3] Microsoft Windows and related operating systems. It verifies the file system integrity of a volume and attempts to fix logical file system errors.
GPL. Website. www .cgsecurity .org /wiki /TestDisk. TestDisk is a free and open-source data recovery utility that helps users recover lost partitions or repair corrupted filesystems. [ 1] TestDisk can collect detailed information about a corrupted drive, which can then be sent to a technician for further analysis.
The on-line textbook: Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms, by David J.C. MacKay, contains chapters on elementary error-correcting codes; on the theoretical limits of error-correction; and on the latest state-of-the-art error-correcting codes, including low-density parity-check codes, turbo codes, and fountain codes.
Cyclic redundancy check. A cyclic redundancy check ( CRC) is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to digital data. [ 1][ 2] Blocks of data entering these systems get a short check value attached, based on the remainder of a polynomial division of their contents.
As a copy-on-write (CoW) file system for Linux, Btrfs provides fault isolation, corruption detection and correction, and file-system scrubbing. If the file system detects a checksum mismatch while reading a block, it first tries to obtain (or create) a good copy of this block from another device – if its internal mirroring or RAID techniques are in use.
The phenomenon of disk failure is not limited only to drives, but also applies to other types of magnetic media. In the late 1990s, Iomega's 100-megabyte Zip disks used in Zip drives were affected by the click of death, called so because the drives endlessly clicked when accessed, indicating the impending failure. 3.5-inch floppy disks can also fall victim to disk failure.
Data corruption. Data corruption refers to errors in computer data that occur during writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing, which introduce unintended changes to the original data. Computer, transmission, and storage systems use a number of measures to provide end-to-end data integrity, or lack of errors.