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A generator matrix for a linear [,,]-code has format , where n is the length of a codeword, k is the number of information bits (the dimension of C as a vector subspace), d is the minimum distance of the code, and q is size of the finite field, that is, the number of symbols in the alphabet (thus, q = 2 indicates a binary code, etc.).
Formally, a parity check matrix H of a linear code C is a generator matrix of the dual code, C ⊥. This means that a codeword c is in C if and only if the matrix-vector product Hc ⊤ = 0 (some authors [1] would write this in an equivalent form, cH ⊤ = 0.) The rows of a parity check matrix are the coefficients of the parity check equations. [2]
Convolutional code with any code rate can be designed based on polynomial selection; [15] however, in practice, a puncturing procedure is often used to achieve the required code rate. Puncturing is a technique used to make a m/n rate code from a "basic" low-rate (e.g., 1/n) code. It is achieved by deleting of some bits in the encoder output.
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LDPC codes functionally are defined by a sparse parity-check matrix. This sparse matrix is often randomly generated, subject to the sparsity constraints—LDPC code construction is discussed later. These codes were first designed by Robert Gallager in 1960. [5] Below is a graph fragment of an example LDPC code using Forney's factor graph notation.
Matrix digital rain, or Matrix code, is the computer code featured in the “Ghost in the shell” and the Matrix series. The falling green code is a way of representing the activity of the simulated reality environment of the Matrix on screen by kinetic typography. All four Matrix movies, as well as the spin-off The Animatrix episodes, open ...
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Repeat-accumulate code. In computer science, repeat-accumulate codes ( RA codes) are a low complexity class of error-correcting codes. They were devised so that their ensemble weight distributions are easy to derive. RA codes were introduced by Divsalar et al. In an RA code, an information block of length is repeated times, scrambled by an ...