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  2. Small-angle X-ray scattering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small-angle_X-ray_scattering

    Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a small-angle scattering technique by which nanoscale density differences in a sample can be quantified. This means that it can determine nanoparticle size distributions, resolve the size and shape of (monodisperse) macromolecules , determine pore sizes, characteristic distances of partially ordered ...

  3. X-ray absorption spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_absorption_spectroscopy

    X-ray absorption spectroscopy. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a widely used technique for determining the local geometric and/or electronic structure of matter. [ 1] The experiment is usually performed at synchrotron radiation facilities, which provide intense and tunable X-ray beams. Samples can be in the gas phase, solutions, or solids.

  4. X-ray crystallography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography

    X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes a beam of incident X-rays to diffract in specific directions. By measuring the angles and intensities of the X-ray diffraction, a crystallographer can produce a three-dimensional picture of ...

  5. Wide-angle X-ray scattering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle_X-ray_scattering

    Wide-angle X-ray scattering. In X-ray crystallography, wide-angle X-ray scattering ( WAXS) or wide-angle X-ray diffraction ( WAXD) is the analysis of Bragg peaks scattered to wide angles, which (by Bragg's law) are caused by sub-nanometer-sized structures. [ 1] It is an X-ray-diffraction [ 2] method and commonly used to determine a range of ...

  6. Blu-ray - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-Ray

    v. t. e. Blu-ray ( Blu-ray Disc or BD) is a digital optical disc data storage format designed to supersede the DVD format. It was invented and developed in 2005 and released worldwide on June 20, 2006, capable of storing several hours of high-definition video ( HDTV 720p and 1080p ).

  7. ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-2

    The following is a complete list of the 249 current officially assigned ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes, with the following columns: [1] Code: ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code, pointing to its ISO 3166-2 article; Country name: English short name officially used by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency (ISO 3166/MA) Year: Year when alpha-2 code was first officially ...

  8. NATO phonetic alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_phonetic_alphabet

    The International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet or simply Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet, commonly known as the NATO phonetic alphabet, is the most widely used set of clear-code words for communicating the letters of the Roman alphabet. Technically a radiotelephonic spelling alphabet, it goes by various names, including NATO spelling ...

  9. World War II - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II

    World War II [b] or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries—including all the great powers—participated, with many investing all available economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities in pursuit of total war, blurring the distinction between military ...