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The ITCZ is visible as a band of clouds encircling Earth near the Equator. The Intertropical Convergence Zone ( ITCZ / ɪtʃ / ITCH, or ICZ ), [1] known by sailors as the doldrums [2] or the calms because of its monotonous windless weather, is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. It encircles Earth near the ...
A band is a thin stratum that is distinguishable by a distinctive lithology or color and is useful in correlating strata. Finally, a key bed, also called a marker bed , is a well-defined, easily identifiable stratum or body of strata that has sufficiently distinctive characteristics, such as lithology or fossil content, to be recognized and ...
A riparian zone or riparian area is the interface between land and a river or stream. [ 2 ] In some regions, the terms riparian woodland, riparian forest, riparian buffer zone, riparian corridor, and riparian strip are used to characterize a riparian zone. The word riparian is derived from Latin ripa, meaning " river bank ".
Stream gradient may change along the stream course. An average gradient can be defined, known as the relief ratio, which gives the average drop in elevation per unit length of river. The calculation is the difference in elevation between the river's source and the river terminus (confluence or mouth) divided by the total length of the river or ...
The littoral zone of an ocean is the area close to the shore and extending out to the edge of the continental shelf. The intertidal zone of a beach is also part of the littoral zone. Estuaries are also in the littoral zone. Look up littoral in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Look up circumlittoral, infralittoral, sublittoral, or supralittoral ...
Bathymetry ( / bəˈθɪmətri /; from Ancient Greek βαθύς (bathús) 'deep' and μέτρον (métron) 'measure') [1] [2] is the study of underwater depth of ocean floors ( seabed topography ), lake floors, or river floors. In other words, bathymetry is the underwater equivalent to hypsometry or topography. The first recorded evidence of ...
Multispectral image of Bek crater and its ray system on the surface of Mercury, acquired by MESSENGER, combining images at wavelengths of 996, 748, 433 nm. The bright yellow patches in other parts of the image are hollows. Multispectral imaging captures image data within specific wavelength ranges across the electromagnetic spectrum.
The line of maximum depth, or channel, is the thalweg or thalweg line. It is typically designated the borderline when rivers are used as political borders. The thalweg hugs the outer banks and returns to center over the riffles. The meander arc length is the distance along the thalweg over one meander. The river length is the length along the ...