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  2. Network interface controller - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_interface_controller

    A network interface controller ( NIC, also known as a network interface card, [ 3] network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface[ 4]) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. [ 5] Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus.

  3. Promiscuous mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promiscuous_mode

    In computer networking, promiscuous mode is a mode for a wired network interface controller (NIC) or wireless network interface controller (WNIC) that causes the controller to pass all traffic it receives to the central processing unit (CPU) rather than passing only the frames that the controller is specifically programmed to receive.

  4. Device driver - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver

    Input/output. v. t. e. In the context of an operating system, a device driver is a computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer or automaton. [ 1] A driver provides a software interface to hardware devices, enabling operating systems and other computer programs to access hardware ...

  5. Packet processing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_Processing

    Within any network enabled device (e.g. router, switch, network element or terminal such as a computer or smartphone) it is the packet processing subsystem that manages the traversal of the multi-layered network or protocol stack from the lower, physical and network layers all the way through to the application layer.

  6. Computer network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network

    A network interface controller (NIC) is computer hardware that connects the computer to the network media and has the ability to process low-level network information. For example, the NIC may have a connector for plugging in a cable, or an aerial for wireless transmission and reception, and the associated circuitry.

  7. Interface (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing)

    Interface (computing) In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information. The exchange can be between software, computer hardware, peripheral devices, humans, and combinations of these. [ 1] Some computer hardware devices, such as a touchscreen, can both send ...

  8. Legacy system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legacy_system

    In computing, a legacy system is an old method, technology, computer system, or application program, "of, relating to, or being a previous or outdated computer system", [ 1] yet still in use. Often referencing a system as "legacy" means that it paved the way for the standards that would follow it. This can also imply that the system is out of ...

  9. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer 's operating system and generally has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel is also responsible for preventing and mitigating conflicts between different processes. [ 1] It is the portion of the operating system code that is always resident in memory [ 2] and ...