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Process costing. Process costing is an accounting methodology that traces and accumulates direct costs, and allocates indirect costs of a manufacturing process. Costs are assigned to products, usually in a large batch, which might include an entire month's production. Eventually, costs have to be allocated to individual units of product.
Job costing (known by some as job order costing) is fundamental to managerial accounting. It differs from Process costing in that the flow of costs is tracked by job or batch instead of by process. job cost is done for one single product The distinction between job costing and process costing hinges on the nature of the product and, therefore, on the type of production process:
Order processing is the process or work-flow associated with the picking, packing, and delivery of the packed items to a shipping carrier and is a key element of order fulfillment. Order processing operations or facilities are commonly called “ distribution centers ” or “DC 's”. There are wide variances in the level of automation ...
In systems engineering, information systems and software engineering, the systems development life cycle ( SDLC ), also referred to as the application development life cycle, is a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. [ 1] The SDLC concept applies to a range of hardware and software configurations, as a ...
e. Cost accounting is defined by the Institute of Management Accountants as "a systematic set of procedures for recording and reporting measurements of the cost of manufacturing goods and performing services in the aggregate and in detail. It includes methods for recognizing, allocating, aggregating and reporting such costs and comparing them ...
Enterprise resource planning ( ERP) is the integrated management of main business processes, often in real time and mediated by software and technology. ERP is usually referred to as a category of business management software —typically a suite of integrated applications —that an organization can use to collect, store, manage and interpret ...
It is concerned with managing an entire production system that converts inputs (in the forms of raw materials, labor, consumers, and energy) into outputs (in the form of goods and services for consumers). [ 2] Operations management covers sectors like banking systems, hospitals, companies, working with suppliers, customers, and using technology.
Bessemer process. The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass production of steel from molten pig iron before the development of the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. The oxidation also raises the temperature ...