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Lesotho ( / lɪˈsuːtuː / ⓘ lih-SOO-too, [6] [7] Sotho pronunciation: [lɪˈsʊːtʰʊ] ), formally the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. As an enclave of South Africa, with which it shares a 1,106 km (687 mi) border, [8] it is the only sovereign enclave in the world outside of the Italian Peninsula.
The history of people living in the area now known as Lesotho ( / ləˈsuːtuː, - ˈsoʊtoʊ / [ 1][ 2]) goes back as many as 400 years. Present Lesotho (then called Basotholand) emerged as a single polity under King Moshoeshoe I in 1822. Under Moshoeshoe I, Basotho joined other clans in their struggle against the Lifaqane associated with ...
Basutoland was a British Crown colony that existed from 1884 to 1966 in present-day Lesotho, bordered with the Cape Colony, Natal Colony and Orange River Colony until 1910 and completely surrounded by South Africa from 1910. Though the Basotho (then known as Basuto) and their territory had been under British control starting in 1868 (and ruled ...
Kings / Paramount Chiefs of Lesotho / Basutoland (1822–1966) [] Moshoeshoe I: 1822 – 18 January 1870. Letsie I: 18 January 1870 – 20 November 1891. Lerotholi Letsie: 20 November 1891 – 19 August 1905. Letsie II: 21 August 1905 – 28 January 1913. Nathaniel Griffith Lerotholi: 11 April 1913 – 23 June 1939.
South Africa held its first democratic elections in 1994. In September 1998, South Africa led a military intervention in Lesotho in the name of SADC, after post-election rioting and rumours of a possible coup. SADC troops withdrew from Lesotho in May of the following year. Since then, South Africa's influence in Lesotho has grown.
Maseru is the capital and largest city of Lesotho. It is also the capital of the Maseru District. Located on the Caledon River, Maseru lies directly on the Lesotho–South Africa border. Maseru had a population of 330,760 in the 2016 census. The city was established as a police camp and assigned as the capital after the country became a British ...
The border between Lesotho and South Africa is 909 kilometres (565 mi) long [ 1] and forms a complete loop, as Lesotho is an enclave entirely surrounded by South Africa. The border follows the Caledon River, the drainage divide of the Drakensberg mountains, the Orange River, the Makhaleng River, and a series of hills joining the Makhaleng back ...
Despite Lesotho's economic dependence on South Africa and the government's official policy during the 1970s of dialogue with its neighbour, Jonathan began criticizing the South African government's policy of apartheid supporting for the prohibited African National Congress (ANC) when international advisers suggested Pretoria's days were numbered.