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1911–1914 – Australasian Antarctic Expedition – led by Douglas Mawson. 1914–1916 – Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition – led by Ernest Shackleton. 1914–1917 – Ross Sea party – led by Aeneas Mackintosh. 1920–1922 – British Graham Land Expedition – a British expedition to Graham Land led by John Lachlan Cope.
The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent, known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle, was coined by Marinus of Tyre in the 2nd century AD. The rounding of the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn in the 15th and ...
Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton CVO OBE FRGS FRSGS (15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was an Anglo-Irish Antarctic explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. He was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration . Born in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland, Shackleton and his Anglo ...
Proved the Terra Australis to be a myth. The second voyage of James Cook, from 1772 to 1775, commissioned by the British government with advice from the Royal Society, [1] was designed to circumnavigate the globe as far south as possible to finally determine whether there was any great southern landmass, or Terra Australis. On his first voyage ...
Launching the James Caird from the shore of Elephant Island, 24 April 1916 The voyage of the James Caird was a journey of 1,300 kilometres (800 mi) from Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands through the Southern Ocean to South Georgia, undertaken by Sir Ernest Shackleton and five companions to obtain rescue for the main body of the stranded Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914 ...
Left to right: Roald Amundsen, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel and Oscar Wisting after first reaching the South Pole on 16 December 1911. The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration was an era in the exploration of the continent of Antarctica which began at the end of the 19th century, and ended after the First World War; the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition of 1921–1922 is often cited by historians ...
Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen ( UK: / ˈɑːmʊndsən /, US: /- məns -/; [ 3][ 4] Norwegian: [ˈrùːɑɫ ˈɑ̂mʉnsən] ⓘ; 16 July 1872 – c. 18 June 1928) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He was a key figure of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration . Born in Borge, Østfold, Norway, Amundsen began his ...
The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition ( CTAE) of 1955–1958 was a Commonwealth -sponsored expedition that successfully completed the first overland crossing of Antarctica, via the South Pole. It was the first expedition to reach the South Pole overland for 46 years, preceded only by Amundsen's expedition and Scott's expedition in 1911 ...
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