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Tacitus on Jesus. The Fire of Rome, by Karl von Piloty, 1861. According to Tacitus, Nero targeted Christians as those responsible for the fire. The Roman historian and senator Tacitus referred to Jesus, his execution by Pontius Pilate, and the existence of early Christians in Rome in his final work, Annals (written c. AD 116), book 15, chapter 44.
Objective vision theory. Hans Grass (1964) proposed an "objective vision hypothesis," in which Jesus' appearances are "divinely caused visions," showing his followers that his resurrection "was a spiritual reality." [36] Jesus' spirit was resurrected, but his body remained dead, explaining the belated conversion of Jesus' half-brother James.
The Pharisees and scribes criticized Jesus and his disciples for not observing Mosaic Law. They criticized his disciples for not washing their hands before eating. (The religious leaders engaged in ceremonial cleansing like washing up to the elbow and baptizing the cups and plates before eating food in them—Mark 7:1–23, [14] Matthew 15:1–20.) [15] Jesus is also criticized for eating with ...
The quest for the historical Jesus consists of academic efforts to determine what words and actions, if any, may be attributed to Jesus, and to use the findings to provide portraits of the historical Jesus. [ 1] Since the 18th century, three scholarly quests for the historical Jesus have taken place, each with distinct characteristics and based ...
The race and appearance of Jesus, widely accepted by researchers to be a Judean from Galilee, [ 1] has been a topic of discussion since the days of early Christianity. Various theories about the race of Jesus have been proposed and debated. [ 2][ 3] By the Middle Ages, a number of documents, generally of unknown or questionable origin, had been ...
Jesus was a Jewish preacher who taught that he was the path to salvation, everlasting life, and the Kingdom of God. [ 22] A primary criterion used to discern historical details in the "third quest" is that of plausibility, relative to Jesus' Jewish context and to his influence on Christianity.
e. The historical reliability of the Gospels is evaluated by experts who have not reached complete consensus. While all four canonical gospels contain some sayings and events that may meet at least one of the five criteria for historical reliability used in biblical studies, [ note 1] the assessment and evaluation of these elements is a matter ...
British author Tom Holland thinks it notable that some doctrines that the Quran mentions in association with Christianity - e.g. that Jesus did not die on the cross (which is referenced in the Gospel of Basilides) [185] that he was a mortal man and not divine (held by the Ebionites) [186] and that the mother of Jesus is divine [186] - come not ...